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Jack the Ripper - translation to English
![Contemporaneous police drawing of the body of [[Catherine Eddowes]], as discovered in [[Mitre Square]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/CatherineEddowesJacktheRipperCanomicleVictimFourMitreSq.30091888a.jpg?width=200 "Contemporaneous police drawing of the body of [[Catherine Eddowes]], as discovered in [[Mitre Square]]")
![Inspector [[Frederick Abberline]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/F.G.Abberline.jpg?width=200 "Inspector [[Frederick Abberline]]")
![From Hell]]" letter](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FromHellLetter.jpg?width=200 "From Hell]]\" letter")
![29 [[Hanbury Street]]. The door through which [[Annie Chapman]] and her murderer walked to the yard where her body was discovered is beneath the numerals of the property sign](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hanbury.jpg?width=200 "29 [[Hanbury Street]]. The door through which [[Annie Chapman]] and her murderer walked to the yard where her body was discovered is beneath the numerals of the property sign")
![Punch]]'' cartoon of 1888](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jack-the-Ripper-The-Nemesis-of-Neglect-Punch-London-Charivari-cartoon-poem-1888-09-29.jpg?width=200 "Punch]]'' cartoon of 1888")
![Tom Merry]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/JacktheRipperPuck.jpg?width=200 "Tom Merry]]")
![Official police photograph of the body of [[Mary Jane Kelly]] as discovered in 13 Miller's Court, [[Spitalfields]], 9 November 1888](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/MaryJaneKelly Ripper 100.jpg?width=200 "Official police photograph of the body of [[Mary Jane Kelly]] as discovered in 13 Miller's Court, [[Spitalfields]], 9 November 1888")
![8 September 1888 edition of the ''[[Penny Illustrated Paper]]'' depicting the discovery of the body of the first canonical Ripper victim, [[Mary Ann Nichols]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The Penny Illustrated Paper - September 8, 1888 - Jack the Ripper.jpg?width=200 "8 September 1888 edition of the ''[[Penny Illustrated Paper]]'' depicting the discovery of the body of the first canonical Ripper victim, [[Mary Ann Nichols]]")
![Dorset Street]] (middle left)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Whitechapel Spitalfields 7 murders.JPG?width=200 "Dorset Street]] (middle left)")
!["The [[Whitehall Mystery]]" of October 1888](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Whitehall murder school illustration.jpg?width=200 "\"The [[Whitehall Mystery]]\" of October 1888")
.jpg?width=200)
.png?width=200 "From ''Mother Goose's Melody'' (1791 edition)")
![The plaque erected in 2000 at [[Kilmersdon]] to commemorate the village's association with the rhyme](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jack and Jill Plaque - geograph.org.uk - 1406047.jpg?width=200 "The plaque erected in 2000 at [[Kilmersdon]] to commemorate the village's association with the rhyme")
![[[Bookplate]] used by Jack London](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/(Bookplate of Jack London) (LOC) (15585512686).jpg?width=200 "[[Bookplate]] used by Jack London")
![London ''(right)'' at the [[Bohemian Grove]] with his friends [[Porter Garnett]] and [[George Sterling]]; a painting parodies his story ''[[The White Silence]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bohemian Grove Camp - Garnett, Sterling, London.jpg?width=200 "London ''(right)'' at the [[Bohemian Grove]] with his friends [[Porter Garnett]] and [[George Sterling]]; a painting parodies his story ''[[The White Silence]]''")
![London's 1903 story "The Shadow and the Flash" was reprinted in the June 1948 issue of ''[[Famous Fantastic Mysteries]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Famous fantastic mysteries 194806.jpg?width=200 "London's 1903 story \"The Shadow and the Flash\" was reprinted in the June 1948 issue of ''[[Famous Fantastic Mysteries]]''")
![''The Scarlet Plague'' was reprinted in the February 1949 issue of ''[[Famous Fantastic Mysteries]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Famous fantastic mysteries 194902.jpg?width=200 "''The Scarlet Plague'' was reprinted in the February 1949 issue of ''[[Famous Fantastic Mysteries]]''")
 and Joan (right).jpg?width=200 "Jack with daughters Becky (left) and Joan (right)")
![Jack and Charmian London (c. 1915) at [[Waikiki]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Londons surfing in hawaii.jpg?width=200 "Jack and Charmian London (c. 1915) at [[Waikiki]]")
![Carmel]], California](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mary Austin, Jack London, George Sterling, Jimmie Hooper, restored.jpg?width=200 "Carmel]], California")
![Miners and prospectors ascend the Chilkoot Trail during the [[Klondike Gold Rush]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Miners climb Chilkoot.jpg?width=200 "Miners and prospectors ascend the Chilkoot Trail during the [[Klondike Gold Rush]]")
.jpg?width=200 "The ''Snark'' in Australia, 1921")
Wikipedia
Jack the Ripper was an unidentified serial killer active in and around the impoverished Whitechapel district of London, England, in the autumn of 1888. In both criminal case files and the contemporaneous journalistic accounts, the killer was called the Whitechapel Murderer and Leather Apron.
Attacks ascribed to Jack the Ripper typically involved female prostitutes who lived and worked in the slums of the East End of London. Their throats were cut prior to abdominal mutilations. The removal of internal organs from at least three of the victims led to speculation that their killer had some anatomical or surgical knowledge. Rumours that the murders were connected intensified in September and October 1888, and numerous letters were received by media outlets and Scotland Yard from individuals purporting to be the murderer.
The name "Jack the Ripper" originated in the "Dear Boss letter" written by an individual claiming to be the murderer, which was disseminated in the press. The letter is widely believed to have been a hoax and may have been written by journalists to heighten interest in the story and increase their newspapers' circulation. The "From Hell letter" received by George Lusk of the Whitechapel Vigilance Committee came with half of a preserved human kidney, purportedly taken from one of the victims. The public came increasingly to believe in the existence of a single serial killer known as Jack the Ripper, mainly because of both the extraordinarily brutal nature of the murders and media coverage of the crimes.
Extensive newspaper coverage bestowed widespread and enduring international notoriety on the Ripper, and the legend solidified. A police investigation into a series of eleven brutal murders committed in Whitechapel and Spitalfields between 1888 and 1891 was unable to connect all the killings conclusively to the murders of 1888. Five victims—Mary Ann Nichols, Annie Chapman, Elizabeth Stride, Catherine Eddowes, and Mary Jane Kelly—are known as the "canonical five" and their murders between 31 August and 9 November 1888 are often considered the most likely to be linked. The murders were never solved, and the legends surrounding these crimes became a combination of historical research, folklore, and pseudohistory, capturing public imagination to the present day.
